By Joel Chouinard, ChFC®
May 9, 2024
For young couples, merging finances represents more than just a logistical step—it’s a pledge to work together to achieve common financial goals, such as buying a house, funding retirement, paying off student loan debt, or sending kids to college. However, much like business partnerships, personal relationships can also fail because of poorly handled finances. From differing spending habits to differing attitudes about risk or debt, couples have numerous hurdles to overcome, and these can become make-it-or-break moments in their journey. Yet, with the right approach and understanding, merging finances and sharing common goals can strengthen the bond between partners and build a secure future together. In this blog post, we'll explore a four-step process on how young couples can prepare to merge their finances.
Communicate and Set Goals
Effective communication is the cornerstone of merging finances for young couples. It lays the foundation for understanding each other's perspectives regarding money. Before merging finances, it's essential to engage in open and honest dialogue about financial values. This involves discussing attitudes towards spending, saving, and investing and any concerns or fears related to money. By sharing your individual perspectives, you can better understand each other's financial mindset and work towards aligning your goals.
One of the key decisions you must make before merging your finances with a partner is determining the right financial system for your relationship. This could involve sharing everything, from bank accounts to investments, or adopting a hybrid approach (e.g., where you share one bank account for common goals and expenses, but each partner has their own separate account). Regardless of the option you choose, the key is to ensure transparency, fairness, and mutual trust in managing finances together.
Lastly, you should collaborate with your partner on setting both short-term and long-term financial goals. Short-term goals may include saving for a vacation, paying off credit card debt, or establishing an emergency fund. In contrast, long-term goals could involve buying a home, saving for retirement, or funding children's education. By setting clear and achievable goals together, you will stay motivated and focused.
Understand Each Other’s Financial Situation
You must also gain a comprehensive understanding of your partner’s financial situation, and vice versa. This not only fosters transparency and trust but also helps in developing a shared approach to managing money.
The first step should be disclosing individual debts, assets, and income openly with each other. This includes student loans, credit card debt, savings accounts, investments, and other financial obligations, such as child support, alimony, or family support. By being upfront about your financial circumstances, you can avoid surprises and work together to address any challenges or opportunities that arise.
In addition to disclosing financial details, you should discuss your spending habits, saving tendencies, and priorities. This involves exploring how both of you approach money management, if someone is more inclined toward saving or spending, and what each partner has at the top of their financial to-do list.
Create A Financial Plan
Once you have shared goals and a clear understanding of each other’s financial situation, the next step is to create a financial plan. While not necessarily comprehensive in nature, this initial plan will serve as a roadmap for managing your finances effectively and achieving your desired outcomes. Here are five essential components to include in your plan:
- Create a shared budget: Developing a budget is the foundation of any sound financial plan. You should track your income and expenses to understand where your money is going and identify areas where you can cut back or reallocate funds. If you selected the hybrid approach to managing finances (see step 1), I still encourage you to create a shared budget and allocate “personal” spending to each other. That way, you still have transparency about how much the other spouse is spending while keeping some privacy as to where the money is spent.
- Create a contingency plan: In addition to a budget, you should establish a contingency plan to prepare for unexpected expenses or financial emergencies. This may include building an emergency fund to cover three to six months' worth of essential expenses, obtaining life or disability insurance to protect against unforeseen events, and creating wills or trusts to ensure that your assets are distributed according to your wishes in the event of incapacitation or death.
- Address debt repayment: Debt can significantly hinder financial freedom and create conflicts between partners. You should be on the same page as your partner about which debt is weighing more heavily and which one you want to tackle first. A good rule of thumb is to start with the highest-interest debt first, then work your way down from there.
- Create a savings plan to achieve your goals: Whether it's buying a house, saving for retirement, or planning for a growing family, you should create a savings plan to achieve your long-term financial goals. This involves setting specific savings targets and timelines for each goal (e.g., setting aside a down payment for a home, contributing to retirement accounts like 401(k)s or IRAs, or saving for future children's education expenses). By automating savings contributions and staying disciplined, you can make steady progress toward your goals over time.
- Assign roles and responsibilities: Finally, you should assign roles and responsibilities for managing your finances. This may involve dividing tasks such as bill payment, budget tracking, and investment management based on your strengths and interests. If you feel neither partner is qualified or has the capacity to handle certain or all parts of your finances, you should consult with a financial planner to help you navigate these important decisions.
Maintain Open Communication and Review Plan Regularly
Even after creating a solid financial plan, you and your partner need to maintain open communication and regularly review your progress toward your financial goals. Here are three tips to incorporate into your financial management routine:
- Commit to regular check-ins on financial progress and goals: Make it a habit to have regular "money dates" with your partner to review your financial progress and discuss any adjustments or updates to your plan. These check-ins provide an opportunity to track your spending, monitor your savings, and ensure that you're staying on track toward your goals. Go ahead and put it on your calendar, so you don’t forget!
- Address any conflicts or concerns openly and constructively: Financial disagreements are common in relationships, but they don't have to be destructive. Use your money dates as a platform for addressing any conflicts or concerns that arise regarding your finances.
- Celebrate milestones and successes together: As you work toward your financial goals, don't forget to celebrate your milestones and successes along the way. Whether it's reaching a savings target, paying off a significant debt, or achieving a long-term financial goal, take the time to acknowledge and celebrate your achievements together as a team.
Final Note
Merging finances for a young couple is a significant step that goes beyond just monetary management—it's a testament to trust, unity, and shared aspirations. Through open communication, careful planning, and consistency, you can overcome financial hurdles together and achieve greater financial security and success.
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